This method is intended to describe a process for rapidly hydrolyzing test specimens before carrying out mechanical performance tests. 該方法記錄了測試樣品在進(jìn)行機(jī)械性能測試之前，進(jìn)行快速水解測試的方法。
This method is mainly applicable to polyurethane based footwear soling materials and polyurethane coated leathers but can be use with any sheet material which is susceptible to hydrolytic attack. 該方法主要用於（安全鞋、工作鞋、勞保鞋）PU大底和PU合成皮，但也能用於其它易水解的試片。
1. SCOPE 范圍
This method is intended to describe a process for rapidly hydrolyzing test specimens before carrying out mechanical performance tests. This method is mainly applicable to polyurethane based footwear soling materials and polyurethane coated leathers but can be use with any sheet material which is susceptible to hydrolytic attack. 該方法記錄了測試樣品在進(jìn)行機(jī)械性能測試之前，進(jìn)行快速水解測試的方法。該方法主要用於（安全鞋、工作鞋、勞保鞋）PU大底和PU合成皮，但也能用於其它易水解的試片。
2. PRINCIPLE 原理
Test specimens are stored in a warm humid environment for one or more predetermined times, usually 7, 10 or 14 day. This size of the specimens will depend on the type of mechanical test which is to be conducted. Suitable mechanical tests are: 將（安全鞋、工作鞋、勞保鞋測試樣品放在一個高溫高濕的環(huán)境中，放置預(yù)定的時間，通常椒7，10或14天。樣品的尺寸根據(jù)機(jī)械測試的類型而定。對應(yīng)的機(jī)械測試為：
PU soling: Resistance to flexing, Tensile strength, Split tear strength, Abrasion resistance. (安全鞋、工作鞋、勞保鞋PU大底：彎曲測試，拉力測試，撕裂測試，耐磨測試。)
PU coated leathers: Colour fastness to rubbing, Peel strength of the coatings, Resistance to flexing. (磨擦褪色測試，表皮的剝落測試，耐磨測試。)
3. REFERENCES 參考文獻(xiàn)
None (無)
4. APPARATUS AND MATERIALS （儀器和材料）
4.1 An environment of temperature 70 ± 1℃ and humidity greater than 95% rh, see section 8.1. Convenient methods of achieving this are: 對環(huán)境的要求，見章節(jié)8.1，溫度為70 ± 1℃，濕度為95%。以下是適合的方法：
4.1.1 Method 1 – A climatic test chamber providing the required test conditions. (方法1：一個可控溫，濕度的空間，用於提供要求的測試環(huán)境。)
4.1.2 Method 2 – An air tight oven with a tray of water inside. (方法2：一個密封的烘箱，裡面放置一個裝有水的淺箱。)
4.1.3 Method 3 – An air tight container, partly filled with water, which is large enough to hold the test specimens suspended above the water surface. The container is placed in an oven. (方法3：一個密封的容器，裡面裝有一部分水，剩下的空間能將樣品掛在水面以上，將容器放入烘箱中。)
4.2 A means of suspending the test specimens in the environment (4.1) so that the air can circulate freely around them. Suitable methods are: 將樣品掛在環(huán)境中，這是為了方便樣品周圍的空氣能夠自由的流動。以下是適合的方法：
■ Hanging the specimens from sewing threads. (用線將樣品懸掛著。)
■ Resting the specimens on a wire shelf, providing that no PU is in contact with the wire. (將樣品放在一個金屬擱架上，確保樣品的PU面不會接觸到金屬線。)
4.3 A press knife, or similar cutting device, for cutting test specimens of a suitable size for the mechanical performance test which is to be carried out on the hydrolysed test specimens. 一個沖刀或類似裝置，能將樣品切成適合的的尺寸，以便水解後進(jìn)行機(jī)械性能測試。
4.4 A thermometer capable of measuring temperature to the nearest 1℃. 一個精度為1℃的溫度計。
4.5 Method 2 – A hygrometer capable of measuring relative humidity to the nearest 10% may be helpful. Electronic capacitive type hygrometers are generally not suitable. 方法2：需要一個精度為10％的濕度計。不適合在這使用電子型的濕度計。
5. PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMENS 樣品的制備
5.1 For each hydrolysis treatment time, use the knife (4.3) to cut out a sufficient number of test specimens to enable the mechanical test to be carried out. Cut one additional set of test specimens to be used as a reference and tested without hydrolysis. Alternatively, it may be preferable to cut large pieces of test material from which the required test specimens are cut after hydrolysis. When testing whole shoes containing metal studs etc these should be left in place during testing. 每次水解測試時，用沖刀(4.3)切下足夠數(shù)量的樣品，以保証機(jī)械性能測試能順利進(jìn)行。另為在切一片樣品作為參考，不用作水解。作為選擇，樣品的尺寸可以大一點(diǎn)，這片樣品將在水解樣品取樣後的材料上取樣。測試時，取樣的鞋子包括金屬裝飾鈕扣等都應(yīng)放好。
5.2 The dimensions and orientation of the test specimens should be as specified for the mechanical performance test to be carried out on the test specimens after hydrolysis. For solings materials and sole units, test specimen usually need only be cut in the heel to toe direction. Whole sole units may be used if a whole sole flexing test is to be carried out; any metal inserts or studs be left in place. 樣品的尺寸和取向由機(jī)械性能測試的要求決定。對於大底材料或部件來說，取樣通常是在後跟到腳趾方向上取樣。如果是將要做底彎曲測試，那麼整個大底部件都要用到，大底上的金屬附件或裝飾鈕扣都應(yīng)放好。
5.3 Test specimens from sheet materials should be taken from a range of position across the full usable width and length. 從試片上取樣時，從有足夠?qū)捄烷L的位置平行取樣。
5.4 Mark each test specimen with the principal direction and the reference of the material. Do not use water soluble ink as it is likely that this will be removed by the hydrolysis treatment. 在每片樣品上注明測試的用途和材料的成分。不要用水溶性的墨水作標(biāo)記，因為在水解期間標(biāo)記可能會不見。
6. PROCEDURE (方法)
6.1 Use the thermometer (4.4) to periodically measure the temperature of the environment (4.1) until it has stabilized at 70 ± 1℃. 用溫度計(4.4)測量環(huán)境的溫度(4.1),直至溫度穩(wěn)定在70 ± 1℃。
6.2 If practicable use the hygrometer (4.5) to ensure that the relative humidity of the environment (4.1) is greater than 95% rh. In the case of method 3 it can be assumed that the humidity is greater than 95% rh providing that the container is air tight. 如果可能，使用濕度計測試保証環(huán)境(4.1)的相對濕度大於95%。在方法3中，如果相對濕度大於95%，那麼就証明容器是密封的。
6.3 Use the device (4.2) to suspend the test specimens to be hydrolysed in the environment (4.1) so that: 用裝置(4.2)將樣品掛起，放在環(huán)境中(4.1)中水進(jìn)行水解，應(yīng)做到：
■ No test specimen is in contact with any other test specimen. 樣品之間不接觸。
■ No PU material is in contact with a metal surface. PU材料的表面不能接觸金屬表面。
■ Method 2 and 3 – no test specimen is within 10 mm of the water. 方法2和3：樣品不要放在離水10 mm的范圍以內(nèi)。
6.4 Seal the test specimens in the environment (4.1) and record the times as [T0].記錄樣品在密封在環(huán)境(4.1)中的時間，記為[T0]。
6.5 After the required time, usually approximately 7,10 or 14 days, remove the test specimens from the environment (4.1) and record the time since [T0] to the nearest hour. 樣品放置夠時間後，通常為7，10或14天，將樣品從環(huán)境(4.1)中取出，並記下從[T0]到現(xiàn)在的時間。
6.6 Store all the test specimens, including the reference set which have not been hydrolysed, in a standard controlled environment of: 存放所有樣品，包括參考樣品(未進(jìn)行水解的),存放的環(huán)境應(yīng)控制為：
■ Solings materials – 23 ± 2℃ and 50 ± 2% rh for at least 24 hours. 鞋大底材料：在23 ± 2℃和50 ± 2%相對濕度的環(huán)境中，存放至少24小時。
■ All other materials - 20 ± 2℃ and 65 ± 2% rh for at least 24 hours. 其它材料：在20 ± 2℃和65 ± 2%相對濕度的環(huán)境中，存放至少48小時。
For materials which absorb a considerable amount of water these times may need to be extended. 那些已經(jīng)吸水較多的樣品，這期間可能會漲脹大。
6.7 The test specimens are now ready to be subjected to the mechanical performance test. 最後，可以將樣品進(jìn)行機(jī)械性能測試。
7. TEST REPORT (安全鞋、工作鞋、勞保鞋測試報告)
Include in the final test report for the subsequent mechanical performance test: 在機(jī)械性能測試的最後的測試報告中，應(yīng)抱括以下的內(nèi)容：
7.1 Reference to this test method SATRA CM44: 1995. 這個測試方法的參考文獻(xiàn)是SATRA CM44: 1995。
7.2 A full description of the material and whether test specimens or large pieces of material were hydrolised. 材料的完整描訴，及樣品是否水解。
7.3 The time of the hydrolysis treatment, as recorded in section 6.5. 按章節(jié)6.5的方法記錄，樣品水解的時間。
7.4 Any deviations from this standard method. 記錄下與這個測試方法不同的地方。
SATRA can help members to use this test method if required.
8. ADDITIONAL NOTES (注意事項)
8.1 Choice of hydrolysis conditions 選擇水解條件
The conditions of 70℃ and over 95% rh are those normally used by SATRA. For some purposes it may be appropriate to use other temperatures and humidities. Very approximately a 10℃ increase in temperature will double the rate of chemical reactions such as hydrolysis. Although hydrolysis treatments are useful in ranking materials, predictions of service life based on them can only be tentative. In service conditions chemical catalysts and microbiological attack may accelerate breakdown. SATRA常用的條件是溫度70℃，濕度95％。但為了達(dá)到其它效果，也可以用其它的溫，濕度條件。一般來說，每升高溫度10℃，水解的反應(yīng)速度就會加倍。盡管水解測試在預(yù)測材料的使用壽命時非常有用。但在實際使用中，會因化學(xué)催化劑和微生物的作用而加速崩潰。
8.2 Related test methods 敘述測試方法
SATRA test method CM28: 1992 – Hydrolysis of polyurethane based sheet materials. SATRA測試方法CM28：1992 – PU試片材料的水解測試。
以上資料出自護(hù)足鞋業(yè)有限公司安全鞋、工作鞋、勞保鞋生產(chǎn)部，轉(zhuǎn)載一定要注明是：iqitian.cn。 |
